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United States Patent Application: 0090130734
Since we've recently documented, as in:
West Virginia Coal Association | US Gov Hires Penn State Bugs to Convert CO2 to Methane | Research & Development; concerning: "US Patent Application 20090317882 - Electromethanogenic Reactor and Process for Methane Production; 2009; Assignee: The Penn State Research Foundation; Abstract: Biological processes for producing methane gas and capturing carbon from carbon dioxide are provided according to embodiments of the present invention which include providing an electromethanogenic reactor having an anode, a cathode and a plurality of methanogenic microorganisms disposed on the cathode. Electrons and carbon dioxide are provided to the plurality of methanogenic microorganisms disposed on the cathode. The methanogenic microorganisms reduce the carbon dioxide to produce methane gas, even in the absence of hydrogen and/or organic carbon sources"; and, in:
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In a dispatch now accessible on the West Virginia Coal Association's web site, via the link:
West Virginia Coal Association | Consol Converts Coal Ash to Concrete Aggregate | Research & Development; we made report of:
"United States Patent 5,364,572 - Process for Making High-Strength Synthetic Aggregates; 1994; Inventors: Muh-Cheng Wu and George Wasson; Assignee: Consolidation Coal Company, Pittsburgh; Abstract: A process for making high-strength synthetic aggregates from ... coal combustion ash ... (that) have suitable unit weight, grain size distribution, (specified) abrasion and soundness indices for use as coarse aggregates in road base, asphalt concrete and Portland cement concrete in road construction (and) synthetic aggregates from ... spray dryer ashes (that) have suitable unit weight, grain size distribution for use as coarse lightweight aggregates in concrete masonry units";
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http://wvwri.nrcce.wvu.edu/
In a recent dispatch, now accessible on the West Virginia Coal Association's web site via the link:
we made report of a document from the United States Geological Survey, which catalogues some of the productive uses in which our solid Coal Utilization Byproducts, CUB's, can be employed.
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One of our core theses has been that Coal Ash is a valuable raw material resource, one which can be used in the making of Portland-type Cement, PC, and Portland-type Cement Concrete, PCC, both as an aggregate for concrete, with the Ash having valuable and additive cementitious properties of it's own, and, as a basic feed into a cement kiln, substituting for some of the limestone and other basic mineral ingredients.
As we have documented, the use of Coal Ash in those applications leads to a significant reduction in the amount of Carbon Dioxide emitted from the cement-making process; a reduction in the amount of energy required to make cement; and, a stronger, more durable and chemical-resistant finished concrete; all while reducing the need to extract natural raw materials, with the attendant environmental disruptions those extraction activities entail.
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United States Patent Application: 0110171711
In a few earlier reports, such as, most recently:
West Virginia Coal Association | US Gov Hires Penn State Bugs to Convert CO2 to Methane | Research & Development; concerning: "US Patent Application 20090317882 - Electromethanogenic Reactor and Process for Methane Production; December, 2009; Assignee: The Penn State Research Foundation; Biological processes for producing methane gas and capturing carbon from carbon dioxide are provided according to embodiments of the present invention which include providing an electromethanogenic reactor having an anode, a cathode and a plurality of methanogenic microorganisms disposed on the cathode. Electrons and carbon dioxide are provided to the plurality of methanogenic microorganisms disposed on the cathode. The methanogenic microorganisms reduce the carbon dioxide to produce methane gas, even in the absence of hydrogen and/or organic carbon sources";
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